UNCONVENTIONAL PICOSECOND STRAIN PULSES RESULTING FROM THE SATURATION OF MAGNETIC STRESS WITHIN A PHOTOEXCITED RARE EARTH LAYER

Unconventional picosecond strain pulses resulting from the saturation of magnetic stress within a photoexcited rare earth layer

Optical excitation of spin-ordered rare earth metals triggers a complex response of the crystal lattice since expansive stresses from electron and phonon excitations compete with a contractive stress induced by spin disorder.Using ultrafast x-ray diffraction experiments, we study the layer specific strain response of a dysprosium film within a meta

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Is resource specialization the key?: some, but not all Red Crossbill call types associate with their key conifers in a diverse North American landscape

Red Crossbills (Fringillidae: Loxia curvirostra) are finches specialized to pry open cones and extract seeds of coniferous trees.Within the species, variable bill morphology may provide more efficient foraging on some species of conifers than others.Subgroups also have distinctly different contact calls often given in flight (hereafter, call types)

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